Governing mechanism for elastic-fluid turbines.



i 1f' mi PUE MHG PLED TUEBIHS.

unmnlol nun :un n1, no1.

957,898. Patented my 17, 19m.

d BIBBHIIBY 1. M

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Witnesses: fnvenzarn' 1V l l y J n; A..

P.. ULIVIER.

' px@ momma ma nms'rlo FLUID Mmmm.

n mm. .MW mm inw o M LW.

4. l/./ m W0 V/ M s HU APPLIGATIOB FILED JUIBTI, 1907.

Witnesses:

UNITED STATES OFFICE.

P'L 0mm 0I ILlll, imc), Malo! T0 @BURIAL ILIOTIIO mum, OOIPQIATIOI' 0l'XBW YOIK.

man u umn keine Patented Blzay 17, 19MB.

Application al Inni l1, 1.07. Nrlal lo. 1.111.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I PAUL Ouviui a citizen of the French lliepublic,residing at Paris, France have invented certain new and usefulImprovenients in Governin Mechanisms for Elastic-Fluid Turbines, o whichthe following is a specification.

The present invention relates to overnin mechanisms for elastic'tluidtur ines an has for its object to improve their construction andoperation.

For n consideration of what I believe to be novel and. my invention,attention ia called to the accompanying description and claims appendedthereto.

ln the accompanying drawings which illustrate one 'of the embodiments ofmy invention Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a turbo-generator fittedwith my improved verning mechanism; 2 is an enla aectiona view of aportion of the turbine; Fig. 3 ia a cross section through the valvechest' Fig. 4 is a 'tudinal aection of the valve chest and motor foroperating the controlling valve; Fig. 5 is a p an view of the same witha portion of the valvecasin broken awa and Fig. 6 is an enlargedvertical ion through the s vernor and pilot valve.

` hase 2, the latter having emit 1. in 'catea the turbine which is u n acon- ' nected to a condenser orother exhaust. Situatedeon top of theturbine is a stool 4 supporting the electric generator 5. The generatoria provided 'with a cover 6 having a dome 7 tliat inclosaa' the speedvernor. The rotating elements ofthe turiine und nerator are mounted ona\ vertical shaft 8, t e latter being rovidedhvith n suitable stepbeurin not iown an'd guida bearings 9. Moon on the turbine ia u valvechest 10. Steam is admitted to the valve cheat by the conduit ll, andbetween the conduit and the vulve chest isa shut-off vulve l2 which canbe operated liv the hand wheel 13 .or under emerncy condition hy theweight 142 the latter ing under the control of un emer cy fipeedgovernor.

Re errin to Fig. 2, l indiciitex the raising of the tu ino which isdivided into coinpartmenta4 by the dinphrngmx-s l5 that reet uponinternal shoulders formed on the ciu-iing. 'The tor of the machine isrovidi-d wath a head 16 which supports t c vulve chest 10 and also thepacking 17 around the 'ports 26 that register with mainshaft 8. Mountedon the shaft and located in the compartments or 'tafel are wheels 1.8,each having two rowl of uoketa 19 and intermediate bucketa 20 betweenthe rows of wheel buckets, the latter receivsteam. from one row ofbuckets and discharginit against the next at the proper angle. team isadmitted to the tirst'stage b a nozzle 21 that is bolted to the valveest 10, and comptines a lurality of discharge orifices or passageslgcated in a com' mon plane concentric with the wheel axis. Between onestage and t next are stage noules 22 for convertinthe pressure of thesteam into velocity and discharging it against the wheel buckets.

Referring to Fig. 4, 10 indicates the valve chest having a series ofpassa 23 coininunicating with the sections o the admission nozzle 21.The upper pei-t of the valve cheat is bored out to form a cylinder 9L Inthis is located a sleeve 25 having a aerien of tlul pamagea 23 in thelower portion of the chest. By providing a sleeve as shown theports canbe accurately and readily formed., and the same can be removed in caseof trouble. The right hand end of the sleeve 25 ii-i provide.; with aflange 27 which tliingu is located between thc main body of the valvechest and a detachable head 28. In this an adjustable pecking 20 toprevent the e: cape of steam or other elastic fluid around the pistonrod 80. The rod 8O is connected to a. balanced piston valve 3l having ano icning therethrough which valve controls the passage of iluii vom theinlet conduit 11 to the plumage; 23. lioruicd on the head 28 is abracket 82 that carries the iivot 83 of the bell-crunk lever 84. Thisover ia connected t0 the right hand end of the ia ton rod by nieunsof'ii fork 35 in whi supported u. trnnuion block 36. The block isperforated to receive the cylindrical end of thc lever 34. As the pistonrod moves to und o. the ond of the-lever will Slide to und ro in thelrunnion block. This lever forms ii pui't of n followup device toprevent ovei'ti'nvol of the iuotor and the controllinv vulves. "o theleft hand end of the vu v'o cheat is bolted a c linder 37 contiiningalinin 38. Mount for movement in thc cylinder is ii pinion 30 which isrigidly connected to the iiston rod that uctuiit the piston valve. W1ere the rod passes through ,head is locatod,

ice

the head of the c vliuder and where it enters the valu chest. pachingsltl are provided to pi-eient the escape of llliid. Fluid, `such as wateror oil I'or operating the pistou 222|, is admitted to the c v liiider hv the poi-ts ll and -l'.. which are connected to the pilot valve. Whenllnid is adinittel through the iort Il nml is permitted to escapethrough t ie port 4L. the piston 32 and its connected valve are causedto iiio\e to the right, und when lluid is admitted to the port l2 andpermitted to escape through tliv port ll. the piston and its connectedvalve are caused lo iiio\e to the left. thereby decreasing the number ofports` .243 through which steam or other elastic tluid passes to theadmission nozzles 2|.

lii Fig. l is shown in cross section the valve chest. .Inside of thevalve chest is the .-leeve having segmental ports ti com uiuiiicatingwilli the passages '.23 leading to the admission nozzles 2t. lt will heobserved tlnit one-holt' of the passages '.Jl extend fi'oni the let'tlhand side of the center ot' the chest. to the nozzles, while theremainder, as show n iii dotted linesextend l'roni the right. hand side.The discharge ends ot' the passages from opposite sides ol' the chestyalternate. and the ports' 'Ii are so formed that lirst a juissage on oneside of the chest is supplied with lll'id and then one on'tlie oppositeside. These passages terminate in the saine plane. which lane isconcentric with the wheel axis. `hia ineans that one nozzle section willreceive tluid from a passage on the right of the controlling valve. thenext will receive tluid from a passage ou the opposite side, and so on.liy reason of this arraueeineiit of parts l um able to malte a valvechest. of minimum size for a given amount of motive lluid. 'lliisarrangement. also permits ot walls ol' suitable thickness between thedifferent passages.

In order to have the controlling device for the lliiid actuated motor asnear to the speed governor as lxmsiblo, und therebyI avoid in .so far aspossible. troubles incident to lost motion in the moving parts, laek ofalineiiient, ete., l mount. the easing 45 for the ilot valve 46 on thoside of the donie 'i'. l'liis easing isprovided with nn admission port-l'i', a port 48 connected to the port l2 y a pipe -ll (Fig. 4) ot' themotor, also with a port. 4t) connected by`a iipe t3 to the port 41 oftlio motor (Fig. il. In addition to this is an exhaust port. lit)eouiinunieating with the opposite ends of tl'ie pilot vaiveanddischarging through the iipe :'il (Fig. l) to a suitable receptacle.wing to the fact that tho valve 46 is of the piston type with the highpressure admitted to a point betwecirthe piston heads while. theopposite sides nre exposed to the saine low pressure, the vulve isbalanced and has no tendency of itself to move. in either. direction.'lhe valve heads and the ports 48 and 4t) are arranged to have little orno overlap so that. :in v movement of the. valve will cause the lluidunder pressure to lie admitted to one. side of the inotor piston Bti orthe other and thus aetuate the main controlling valve itl. Mounted oiitop of the )ilot valve casing is a head fr.) having gui es formed on theupper end to direct the movements of the sliding block oil, the latterbeing connected to the governor actuated lever 5t. Mounted on a bracket.'Ii t'ornied integral with the pilot valve casing is a sector 5t) whichis pivoted at 5T. 'l`lie sectoiis provided with a slot ih havingcorrugated walls'. This .-.lot is non-conventric with respect to theaxis' ol' the sector, the distant-.c from `said axis graduallyii.crva.-iinr from the left to the right hand `side. 'l`hc sector formsla part of the follow-np device to prevent overttt) travel ol' thecontrolling valve ainl is coiiiivctvtl li the rod .'5 with thebell-crank lever do, Fig. b. 't`he lever titi is' connected li'v a rodtil, lever 6:3, and rod (33 with the la-ll-cronh lever Zl-l (Fig. 4). ltis' to be noted that the lever .'it is supported 'solely hv the governorand the sector, and that under certain conditions the fnlernm is at thesector und under otlivr conditions at the governor. (lwiiig to thisconnection it, follows that as the motor piston 3%) and its'.uninet-.ted valve moves in one direction or the other from a givenposition, motion in one direction or the other will be imparted io thesector ott, and in so doinv the. end ot' the governor lever will beraiseda or lowered.

liefert-in r again to Fig. t5. a spindle 64 is threadeti'to the upperend of the main shaft 8 and pinned thereto is' n piece ti having aforked end which embraces a frame tit'i. the latter being adapted toslide np a d down on the s iindle t'i-t. Mounted in ots in the arms oiiai-t t'if are four compiined weights and rollers Gi'. 'l`liese rt ersare acted upon b v centrifugal force and as they ai'e forced outwardaway from the axis of rotation. due to an inerease in speed, the frametiti is caused to move upward b v reason of the upper rollers pressiinron 'the inclined surfaces 68. 'lhe incline( surfaces titi at the lowerend of the frame being slanted in the saine direction permit. thisaction to take pliice. (hi the other hand as the speed decreases therollers move toward the axis, the inclined surfaces US and titl causingthe fi'aiiie to move downward. Mounted on the upper end of the fi'aiiieis a eollar Tt) to 'which is connected b v :i suitable joint the leftlialid end of tliegovern0r lever i-l. '.lo this collar is also connectedthe right liaiid end of the liell-cranlt' level Fl. ing the spindle titand seated on a not TL al one einl and on the collar at the other is acompression spring T3. which S ring :iets in opposition to 'thecentrifugal orce merit-il by the weights. 'llie upper end of thi spin-Surround-i ltltx llO die 64 passes through- 'a hearing formed in the ca74 of the dome. Mounted on a brackef'l on the left hand side of the domeare rollers 76 which guide the yoke 77 in its This yoke is providedcontainin a roller 78 the upper en of the belll lower end of the 'oke isvided with a spindle whici is @im at the bottoni by a suitable bracketattached to the dome. Siirroiindin this rod is an auxiliary compressionspru 80 which noruiall tends to pull the rod und its attached yoedownward, thereby coperatng with the niain sprin 73. Surrounding thespring 80 is a suitable casing to roteet the saine from injury. n

o tion of my iniproved mechanism is as ollvlils: Assumingt at the maincon trolling valve 8l is in a mid ition and there is an increase inspoed t ue to a decrease in load, the weights 67 will move outwardly andin so' doing the frame 66 inst the stress of the spring 73. Under tconditions, thil collar 8l, carried b the right hand end of the governorlever and seated inone of the notches in the segment 56, acts as a pivotand the ilot valve 51 ie a certain amount. is rmits tiuid tenure to fromtie admission port t'lFig. 6, to t port 48 and thenceto port 42 in thecylinder of the motor (Fig. and dart the piston into o ration in adirection to decrease the port area o f the turbine. Just as soon as themotor iston starts into operation, the follow-up evice commences tooperate. Under the conflitions specied the rods 63, 61 and 59 are intension and will pull the tain distance to the right. load cha to hesmall, the segment will lie pulled emanen corresponding to one notch,and the loller .812. .ill dro into the notch now situated at the lett.will permit the outer end of the lever todi-op .a certain amount and inso doi will restore the pilot valve M to its initia poaition, therebyshutting otI the admilion of duid to the motor cylinder andl liquid.

st the sama time atoping the ela'ur'it therefrom ao that. pis on will bel vbetween two bodiasof Aaaiiming the saine ccnditlen of alfaini, ns theframe 66 ia moved upwrd b the' venti-itu l acting weights, the bel cranklever l force tue yoke 77 dovviiw'ard hy a slight amount. Upon unincrease in loud, the reverse of tho above operation takes lace. Theweiviits moving inward permit the frime 66 to rop u slight amount due tothe downward primeiro of the prin 73, iiiid in so doinf the springli-promos tlie collar 70, the left mnd cnil of governor lever 54 and thepilot vulve viti, thus :admitting liquid to iiie motor cylinder'iit theopposite end causing the. controlling valve to move to the ti.l

is same action causes the upper of the hell-crank lever 7l, Fig. 6, toswing to the right, and in so doing increases the stress on the spring80. The follow-np l .vice comes into service again but this time itpushes the rods 63, 6l and 59 upward and causes the roller 81 on thegovernor lever to enter a notch on the right of the one formerlyoccupied by it, which restons the pilot valve to its initial position.

Under normal conditions some of the rts 23 in the valve chest will beopen a one or more closed, and under certain load conditions," the flowthrough one of the ports will be throttled to a greater or les extent.

In accordance with the provisions of the p ntent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of ni'y invention, her with theapparatus which l now co er to represent the best embdliment thereof;but

desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative, and hat the invention con be carried out by other means.

'lint I claim im new und desire to secure by Lettcni liitent of theUnited States, is,-

In a governingA inediaiiixiii for turbines," the combination of a portedvalve chest. u controlling vulve therein which iiioveslover the ports, aniotor for actuating the valve. a speed governor driven by the turbineshaft. a pivoted rector having an eccentric cam slot therein, a leverwhich is supported by the governor at one end and bv the cani slot atthe other. a pilot valve that is attached to the lever and l'n.hold inposition tlierebv, a casing for the vilve, and a connection that isattached to the nectar and the motor'pixton no that the movements of thepistoirare transmitted to the sector und through it to the lever andpilot valve.

2. lu a governing meelianiian for tiirbuien, the combination of a valvechais, a controlling valve therein, a tluid actuated motor for'inoviithe valve, a speed governor driven by t e turbine shaft n pivoteduoc-tor having-an eccentric cam slot therein aud funniiig'a of afollow-up device, a lever au perm? the governor at one end mi imii' u ave con ing inotor whlui? at ched to the lever intermediate its ends .isheld in position thereby, a lever moved bythe motor piston, and aconnection between the last mentioned lever and the-sector for movingthe .latter to change the electivection of the cam slot on the governorsupported lever.

3. In n govern' mechanism for turbines, the combination ga valve chest,a controlling valve therein, a huid actuated motor for moving the valve,a speed governor driven by, the turbine shaft, a support adjacent thegovernor, a pilot valve and its in the sector at the ing n pnrt of nfollow-np It-vivo. :i Ivrvr' ling uilw nml tho svvtor for moving thtllutter.

5. ln u pm'rrnmg nwvlmnmn for tnrhincs,

the combination of :l rnlro vhost. u rontrollilly,r vxllvt tln-rrin, nlnhl :n-tnutt'tl lnotor for moving tho vulve. n 5pt-wl gorvrnor lriwn hythe tnrbilw shuft. n pivotwl stx'tor forming,r n pnrt of n follow-nptlvriuv, u lt-w-r supported hy tht` vow-rnor nt omuml nml thv sector utthv ot ier, a pilot vulve for vontrollingr the motor which is nttzn'hml-to thtlevvr, un :luxilnry spring, n :nt-uns for trnnslnitting itsttl'vct t0 the gortinor xutnntwl laver, u lever inovml hy thecontrolling;Y vnlw.

nml it connu-tion lwtwucn thc lewis' nml thtl sector for moving thelutter.

ti. In u govvrnmg mechanism, tht romln- .nation of n governor, ncontrolling vnlw ol` le piston type, n casing in whirh tho pihton ernor.:nml n mmm-tion lwtnct-n thtluvcr uml Suhl ill-vim'.

ln wltnt'ss wht-runt', l hunl hereunto out my lmul thil tilth luy ofJune, 1007.

